用于事故车队计算机仿真的积分方程方法

An Integral Equation Method for the Simulation of Car Fleet Due to a Traffic Accident

当发生交通事故造成此事故车辆占据较宽道路位置后,其后方会形成一个车队,在经过一定时间之后,车队尾部会到达后方叉路口,造成更大的拥堵。准确预报其到达叉路口的时间,可以提供必要的导航帮助,使本来准备进入此路口的车辆提前改道而避免造成更大的拥堵。运用车辆排队尾部增长微元上的物料平衡条件,得到了一个反映其与事故横截面实际通行能力、事故持续时间、路段上游车流量间的关系的以事故持续时间t为变量的积分方程。给出了解此积分方程的迭代算法。对于一个实例进行了计算,结果表明上述方法有效,并得出结论,车队到达路口时间与机动车流量及最大行驶速度等均相关,当停车车辆密度较小时,随着时间的增长,车队长度迅速增长。

As the result of a traffic accident, a car or some cars would occupy the road space and there would be a car fleet. And the fleet would extend to the cross section of upstream after a while, causing more traffic jam. Accurate prediction of the reaching time of the fleet to upstream cross section is conducible for the related traffic navigation. In this way, more traffic jam could be avoided. The mass balance principle was adopted to the fleet length calculation and an integral equation was derivated. The integral equation represents the relationship of the traffic volume in the accident section, accident time and the upstream traffic flow with time t as the basic variable. An iteration algorithm for the integral equation was presented. A real case was studied. It shows that the method was effective and the reaching time is related to the traffic flow and the maximum car speed, and the fleet length increases rapidly when traffic density takes a smaller value.