有机物形态对慢滤池滤膜层结构及硝化性能的影响

Effect of Organic Matter in Micro-polluted Source Water on Morphological Structure of Schmutzdecke and Nitrification Efficiency in Slow Sand Filter

原水中不同的有机物形态是影响慢滤池运行效果的重要因素。通过建立以腐殖酸和葡萄糖模拟微污染原水中有机物的两个慢滤系统,探讨了微污染原水中有机物形态对慢滤池滤膜层形态结构与硝化性能的影响。经过三个多月的运行,以腐殖酸为有机底物的慢滤系统形成的滤膜层结构松散,粒径小,系统稳定运行时间较长,系统稳定后氨氮去除率达到90%以上,总有机碳(TOC)平均去除率为22. 68%,随着运行时间的推移与温度的升高,TOC去除率最高能达到45. 45%;以葡萄糖为有机底物的慢滤系统滤膜层结构紧实,粒径大,系统稳定后氨氮去除率仅有24. 43%左右,TOC平均去除率为40. 20%,最高能达到55. 76%;以腐殖酸为有机底物的系统中胞外聚合物与胞外聚合物中的蛋白质含量均高于以葡萄糖为有机底物的系统。以腐殖酸为有机底物的系统运行稳定性与硝化性能均优于以葡萄糖为有机底物的系统。

Different organic matter in micro-polluted source water is the important factor that af- fects the operation of slow sand filter （SSF）. By building two SSF systems which used humic acid and glucose to simulate the organic matter in the raw water respectively, the characteristics of schmutzdecke and nitrification efficiency of two SSF systems were studied. After more than three months of operation, compared to the SSF system feeding with glucose （ SSFg）, the morphological structure of sehmutzdecke in the SSF system feeding with humic acid （SSFh） was looser, the particle size was smaller and the stable operation time was longer. At the same time, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was above 90% after the system was stable, and the average removal rate of TOC was 22.68% , with the increase of running time and temperature, the removal rate of TOC was up to 45.45% in SSFh. Whereas, in SSFg, the re- moval rate of ammonia nitrogen was only 24.43% , and the average removal rate of TOC was 40.20% ,the maximum could reach to 55.76%. The content of total extracellular polymeric substance （EPS） and protein in EPS in SSFh were higher than SSFg. In a word, the operation stability and nitrification effi-ciency in SSFh were better than that in SSFg.