整合CTT和IRT技术提高监测工具质量——以小学科学试卷为例

Integrating CTT and IRT to Improve the Quality of Monitoring Tools——Taking Primary Science Examinations as an Example

试题是科学学业质量监测中常用的测试工具,也是开展教育实证研究的重要工具,工具的质量直接决定学业测评和教育研究的科学性及可靠性.基于经典测验理论和项目反应理论系统阐述试卷质量分析的常规过程及技术方法,并对工具质量评估相关参数的内涵进行深入解读和分析,以帮助学业测评开发人员以及教育研究者系统理解和掌握试卷的质量分析方法和技术,从而有效提高学业测评和教育研究工具的质量,为进一步提高学业质量测评和教育研究的科学性及有效性奠定基础.

The test items are the commonly tools in the science academic quality assessment,and they are also an important tool for carrying out educational empirical research. The quality of the tool directly determines the reliability and validity of academic assessment and educational research. Based on the classical test theory（ CTT）and the item response theory（ IRT）,the paper analyzes the conventional process and methods of the quality analysis of the test items,the connotation of the relevant parameters of the tool quality assessment is explained to help the test developers and educational researchers understand the quality analysis methods and techniques of test items,so as to effectively improve the quality of academic evaluation and educational research tools. It will help to improve the reliability and validity of the academic quality evaluation and the educational research.