中药保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的护理干预

Nursing intervention of traditional Chinese medicine retention enema in the treatment of ulcerative colitis

目的探讨中药保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎护理干预的疗效。方法选择280例经电子结肠镜检查确诊溃疡性结肠炎患者,分为观察组及对照组各140例。两组均用中药青黛、黄芪、党参、银花、黄连、乳香、没药、延胡索、五倍子各12 g水煎保留灌肠,每晚1次,14 d为1个疗程,观察组在灌肠前、中、后采取新的护理干预,对照组灌肠治疗按常规护理。比较两组护理干预疗效,观察腹痛、腹胀、腹泻、黏液脓血便消失时间。生活质量提高情况,电子结肠镜复查结果。结果观察组腹痛、腹胀、腹泻、黏液脓血便消失时间低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗效果比较,观察组总有效率为96.43%,对照组总有效率为77.86%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在药物不良反应方面,观察组有5例,对照组有7例开始灌肠后约30 min有轻度下腹部疼痛,经休息数分钟后自行缓解,未作特殊处理。结论中药保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎操作方法简单、方便,做好灌肠前、中、后的护理干预,对提高疗效具有十分重要的意义。

Objective To investigate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine retention enema in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Methods A total of 280 patients with ulcerative colitis diagnosed by electronic colonoscopy were enrolled and divided into the observation group （n=140） and the control group （n=140）. Both groups were treated with Chinese herbal medicine Qingdai, Huangqi, Dangshen, Yinhua, Ruxiang, Moyao, Yanhusuo, Wubeizi, each with 12g decoction and enema, once a night, 14 days for a course of treatment. The observation group took new nursing intervention before, during and after enema. The control group with enema treatment was treated with routine care. The curative effect of nursing interventions between the two groups was compared. The disappearance time of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea and mucus pus and blood, improvement in quality of life, and electronic colonoscopy review results were observed. Results The disappearance time of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea and mucus pus and blood in the observation group was lower than that in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically sig- nificant （P〈0.05）. The total effective rate was 96.43% in the observation group and 77.86% in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. In the aspects of adverse drug reactions, there were 5 cases in the observation group, and 7 cases in the control group with mild lower abdominal pain about 30 minutes after the enema began. After a few minutes of rest, they resolved spontaneously without special treatment. Con- clusion The traditional Chinese medicine retention enema is simple and convenient for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. It is very important to improve the curative effect by doing nursing intervention well before, during and after enema.