废墟上的拼接与凝望——评《黄雀记》的寓言式写作

Stitching and gazing in the ruins——The fable writing of Allegory of Birds

苏童小说《黄雀记》以昏暗颓败的底色重构废墟之上的香椿树街,作者以蒙太奇式的写作手法拼接柳生、保润和白小姐三主人公的人生故事,借"螳螂捕蝉,黄雀在后"的寓意,以疏离冷漠的视角凝视着现代性社会中人类的精神困境,形成本雅明所提出的寓言式的书写和德国悲苦剧式的叙事基调。在小说中,香椿树街和井亭医院分别是故事的起始和终结之地,隐喻着"传统的倾颓"与"现代的疯癫"之间的断裂,最后是怀抱怒婴的祖父完成了二者的接续,留下开放式的结局,指向永恒的人性。

Su tong＇s novel Allegory of Birds reconstructs ruins of dim and the impression of a decaying Xiangchunshu street.The author,with the technique of montage splicing Yagyu,Baorun and Miss Bai＇s life stories,borrowing the meaning of mantis catching cicadas,in the post-oriole in the perspective of estrangement indifference staringat the spiritual predicament of human in the society of modernity. It forms allegorical writingproposed by Benjamin and German bitterness drama type of narrative tone. In the story,Xiangchunshu street,and well pavilion hospital,respectively,are the beginning and end of the story.These metaphors show the breakage of the traditional decadence and modern madness. Eventually,the grandfather carrying the baby completes the crack,leaving open end and pointing the permanent humanity.