不孕不育防控策略研究进展

Strategies for infertility prevention and control: a brief review

随着辅助生殖技术的日益广泛应用,不孕不育已经成为重大的公共卫生问题,为家庭及社会带来较大的疾病负担。本研究从不孕不育流行病学、病因构成及主要的危险因素、世界卫生组织连续性保健理论研究等方面进行综述,讨论在生命周期中的胎儿期、新生儿期及儿童期、青春期及育龄期可不同程度受到风险因素如药物、感染因子(如沙眼衣原体、奈瑟氏淋球菌)、内分泌干扰化学物、不健康生活方式(烟酒毒品及运动缺乏)等对于生育力的破坏和影响;提出针对生命周期中可防可控风险靶点,采取相应有效的不孕不育防控措施,降低人群不孕不育患病率。

Infertility has become an outstanding public health issue,which brought great disease burden to both the infertile couples and the whole society as well. In this article,the researches on the epidemiology,etiology,and main risk factors of infertility, the World Health Organization（WHO） continuity of care theory were reviewed. Fertility is associated with various impact factors in different periods of life cycle, such as fetal, childhood, adolescence and childbearing age period. Inappropriate medications, pathogens（Chlamydia, Neisseria gonorrhea）, endocrine disrupting chemicals（EDCs）,unhealthy life styles（smoking, alcohol drinking, drug abuse or lack of exercise） can to some extent do harm to fertility.Different interventions need to be done accordingly in order to prevent and control infertility at population level.