贤与得众——《穀梁传》“卫人立晋”释义

Xian and Winning the Mass——The Interpretation of “Wei People Acclaimed Jin the King” in Guliang Zhuan

因为根深柢固的历史原因,"贤"往往被视为才德兼备之人,任用和晋升他们是所有领导的重要工作。然而《穀梁传》对"贤"的涵义和指涉,有别于此。传中对"贤"有各种用法,其中一种条件是强调"得众"的能力。卫宣公是"恶",但却被称之为"贤",仅因他得到"众"的拥护。在诠释"卫人立晋"的经文上,《穀梁传》阐述一种独特的"贤"的观点,值得仔细考究和澄清。

For deep-rooted historical reasons,a xian person is often regarded as an able and virtuous person. Employing and promoting them is an important task of all leaders. However,the meaning and implication of xian in Guliang Zhuan is very different from this conception. In Guliang Zhuan,there are various conditions of xian, one of which is the ability of winning the mass. Wei Xuangong was evil,but he was also recognized as a xian person,just because he had the support of the mass. In interpretating the text" Wei People Acclaimed Jin the King",Guliang Zhuan elaborated a special view about xian. It deserves more careful consideration and clarification.