文本、经验与构造:南海渔业资源合作养护与管理

Texts,Practices and Foresight:Regional Cooperation on Fishery Resources Conservation and Management in the South China Sea

考虑到生态系统的自然法则属性,以及国家与人类共同利益的和谐统一,周边国家不应一直固守传统国际法所依赖的以"国家为中心"的威斯特伐利亚体系。但囿于条约的模糊性,主体加入的选择性,调整对象的广泛性,实施机制的羸弱性,包括《联合国海洋法公约》在内的现有国际立法和区域合作文件并不能真实、充分回应南海海域所面临的渔业资源枯竭和生态环境恶化的风险。而现有渔业合作模式也并非为南海区域的最佳选择。基于大海洋生态系统的《南海渔业协定》,融合了中国的主导性,区域的特定性,主体的多边性以及协定的约束性,通过秉承"共商共建共享"的全球治理理念和务实开放的姿态来探索区域合作。

Neighboring countries should not always stick to the ＂state-centered＂Westphalian system that traditional international law relies on taking into account the natural law attributes of ecosystems and the harmonious unity of common interests of mankind and nations.International legislation including UNCLOS and regional mechanism are unable to actually and fully responding to the risk of fishery resources conservation and management in the South China Sea,because of the drawback such as abstract treaty,selectivity of subject joining,comprehensive sphere,and weak implementation.Existing fishery cooperation mode is not the best choice in this region.The ＂South China Sea Fisheries Agreement ＂ based on the large marine ecosystem integrates China＇s dominance,regional specificity,multilateralism and the binding nature of the agreement,adhering to the global governance concept of ＂the principle of achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration ＂ and opening up in a pragmatic manner to explore regional cooperation.