我国残疾人高等教育区域布局协调性的实证研究

An Empirical Study of the Coordination in the Regional Distribution of Higher Education for Individuals with Disabilities in China

实现残疾人高等教育区域布局的合理化,是保障残疾人享受均衡的教育机会、实现残疾人高等教育公平的必要条件。本研究通过建立基于影响残疾人高等教育区域布局的经济、科技、文化、人口和高等教育五大因素的联立方程模型,测算出我国残疾人高等教育布局的协调性数值,运用统计控制过程技术计算出警戒线,对近五年来我国残疾人高等教育区域布局的不协调程度进行判断。实证研究结果显示:当前我国残疾人高等教育区域布局的协调性程度可分为非常领先、比较领先、基本协调和发展滞后四种态势,部分"领先"省市存在潜在的不协调问题,但目前总体呈现出日渐优化的演进趋向。据此提出:提升残疾人高等教育的整体协调性;促进各省残疾人高等教育的多元发展;注重规模扩大与结构优化、质量提升的协同性;落实残疾人高等教育协调发展的内涵与本质等未来展望与建议。

Rationalized regional distribution of higher education for individuals with disabilities is a prerequisite for disabled individuals to have equal opportunities to receive higher education and ensure educational equity. A system model built on the basis of economic,technical,cultural,and demographic factors and higher education was used to measure the coordination in the regional distribution of higher education for individuals with disabilities,and the degree of non-coordination over the past five years was determined with a statistic control chart based on samples observed. An empirical study shows the following：Currently,the regional distribution of higher education for individuals with disabilities tends to be leading,comparatively leading,basically coordinated,and hysteretic; on the whole,it was not well-coordinated,and some provinces or municipalities take the leading position in regional distribution,but are potentially non-coordinated; generally speaking,the regional distribution tends to be optimized. The authors suggest the following： Improving the overall coordination in the regional distribution of higher education for individuals with disabilities; promoting the diversified development of higher education for individuals with disabilities in different provinces; attaching importance to the coordination between the expansion of the scale,the optimization of the structure,and the improvement of quality; and attaining the connotatively and essentially coordinated development of higher education for individuals with disabilities.