《明孝宗实录》修纂凡例探析

An Analysis of the Guide of the Compilation of Ming Xiao Zong Shi Lu (《明孝宗实录》)

《明孝宗实录》在《明实录》中具有承前启后的地位,其凡例的书写也颇具特色。其规定的书写范围与正德初期的政治环境有密切关系,体现了编纂官的政治倾向,同时根据孝宗朝时代特点有所损益。其修纂内容绝大部分属于国家治理的范畴,旨在记录当时国家机器的职能与运作。该凡例为《明孝宗实录》资料的选取提供了方向与标准,具有重要的指导作用。然而由于其规定较为笼统,导致该书出现某些内容记载矛盾、模糊不清等失误。这便要求官方修史时,需制定更为详细而明确的编纂凡例。

Ming Xiao Zong Shi Lu（《明 孝宗实录》） has an important position in Ming Shi Lu（《明实录》）,and its writing guide is also quite distinctive. The prescribed scope of writing is closely related to the political environment of the early period of Emperor Wuzong（ 武宗）. It embodies the political inclination of the compiling officer and adds or reduces contents according to the characteristics of the times of Emperor Xiaozong（ 孝宗）. Most of the contents of Ming Xiao Zong Shi Lu belong to the category of national governance,which aims to record the function and operation of the state machine at that time. This guide provides a direction and standard for the selection of the data of Ming Xiao Zong Shi Lu and has an important guiding role. However,because of its general stipulation,the book has some errors such as contradiction and ambiguity. This requires that more detailed and explicit compilation rules should be formulated when writing history.