中华人民共和国成立以来民办高等教育政策的经验教训与未来趋势

Experiences and Trends of Private Higher Education Policies of the Founding of People's Republic of China

中华人民共和国成立以来,民办高等教育政策经历消亡、允许与限制、鼓励与规范、依法治教等四个阶段,民办高等教育政策变化与政策导向、高等教育政策目标、社会经济发展规律有密切关联。民办高等教育政策的未来趋势应当一是鼓励民办高等教育追求更高学术水平,二是理顺民办高等教育管理体制,三是通过将民办高等教育机构划分为营利与非营利性机构解决公共财政支持问题,从而实现民办高等教育在新时期更好地发展。

Since the foundation of the PRC, a continuous era, private higher education policies have gone through four main sta- ges, which are distinguished stage （1949 - 1953 ）, permited and prohibited stage（ 1977 -1991 ）, encouraged and regulated stage （1992 -2002 ）, and governed -by- law stage（2003 -present）. The policy changes are closely related to policy orientation, higher educa- tion policy objectives, and socio - economic development laws. The trend of private higher education policy should encourage private higher education to pursue higher academic standards, rationalize the management system of private higher education, and resolve pub- lic financial support problems by dividing private higher education institutions into profitable and non - profitable institutions, all are made to achieve better development of private higher education in the new period. The major future trends of the policy may include boosting private higher education, encouraging higher academic, reforming higher education administration system, and governing by profitable and nonprofitable sectors.