中国城乡医疗卫生系统动态效率的实证检验

An Empirical Estimation on Dynamic Efficiency of China’s Urban and Rural Medical-Health Systems

文章基于2010—2015年中国城乡医疗卫生系统的省际面板数据,引入DEA-Malmquist指数方法来评价其效率的动态变化情况。研究表明,在考察期间中国城乡医疗卫生系统投入产出的生产率增长总体上出现了下降趋势,并且城市地区生产率增长的下降幅度大于农村;城乡医疗卫生系统的技术进步均呈下降趋势,但是城乡综合技术效率总体上是有效的,其对生产率的促进作用远小于技术进步的降低对生产率产生的抑制作用;城市医疗综合技术效率提高的最主要原因是卫生规模效率的提升,而农村纯技术效率的提升则是农村卫生综合技术效率提高的最关键因素;农村医疗卫生系统的纯技术效率提高的程度大于城市。

Based on the input and output data of China＇s urban and rural medical and health system from 2010 to 2015, this paper introduces the DEA-Malmquist index method to evaluate dynamic change of its efficiency. The study shows that during the period of investigation, the input-output productivity of China＇s urban and rural medical and health system presents a downward trend, and productivity growth in urban areas has declined more than in rural areas; in the technological progress of the urban and rural medical and health system also appears a downward trend, but the overall technical efficiency is effective and its effect on productivity is far less than that of the reduction of technological progress; the main reason for the improvement of the urban comprehensive technical efficiency is the improvement of the scale efficiency of health-care, while the improvement of rural pure technical efficiency is the key factor to improving the efficiency of rural comprehensive technology; the pure technical efficiency of rural medical and health system is higher than that of city.