化工工艺本质安全评价的云模型及应用

Cloud model for assessing inherent safety assessment of chemical process and its application

为科学判定化工工艺本质安全等级,选取压力、温度、物料量、易爆性、可燃性、毒性、反应性7个工艺参数,建立基于云模型的化工工艺本质安全评价模型。将化工工艺参数量值及分级标准转化为正态云分级标准,采用熵权法求得各指标的综合权重;以模糊子集B的最大隶属度原则为依据,判定各条工艺路线的本质安全等级,并求出对应的本质安全系数;以甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）的4条合成路线为例进行分析,所得分类结果与本质安全原型指数（PHS）、本质安全指数（ISI）、i-Safe指数法的判定结果基本吻合。研究结果表明：用该模型能够准确地判定化工工艺本质安全等级,为工艺路线的选取提供依据。

Aiming at assessing inherent safety of chemical process scientifically,a cloud model was built,in which the pressure,temperature,inventory,explosiveness,flammability,toxicity and reactivity were chosen as the evaluation factors. The chemical process parameters and the grading standards were transformed into normal cloud grading standards. The comprehensive weights of factors were obtained via the entropy weight method. In order to determine inherent safety level of each process route and the corresponding inherent safety level,a maximum membership principle of fuzzy subset B was developed. As a case study,four process routes of MMA were analyzed with the above model,the results indicated no obvious difference from the results of Prototype Index for Inherent Safety,Inherent Safety Index,i-Safe. It shows that the model can determine the level of chemical inherent safety assessment accurately and provide a sound basis for the process route selection.