常熟虞山地区野生中药材资源的调查与研究

Study and Analysis on Wild-growing Chinese Medicine Resources in Areas of Changshu Yushan of Jiangsu

目的:研究江苏虞山国家森林公园药用植物品种管理及其重点药材质量,确定本地区目前药材种类及其存量,为国家第4次药材资源普查参考。方法:通过野外实地考察,制订计划和实施步骤,分组考察和实地调研,确定本地区药材种类、存量及其重点药材质量。结果:经初步调查发现,该地区有野生中药材原植物96科277个品种,其中双子叶植物占50%以上,云芝和地钱草数量稀少,而半夏、天南星、野葛以及藓科植物储量较为丰富;动物类药材中,蟾蜍、蜈蚣和天龙数量正在急剧减少。结论:对于珍贵或濒危品种,应制定保护品种目录,而对于储量丰富或易于培植品种,鼓励在保护基础上实施经济开发利用。

Objective： To study the variety management and quality of medicinal plants in Changshu Yushan National Forest Park of Jiangsu province, and to determine the current species and stock of medicinal materials in this region, for the reference of the 4 th national survey of medicinal materials resources. Methods： Making a plan and implement steps, conducting group investigation and field investigation, and determining the type, stock and quality of the key medicinal materials in the region. Results：According to the preliminary investigation, there are 277 species of wildgrowing Chinese medicinal materials in 96 families. Among them, dicotyledonous plants account for more than 50%,and the number of yunzhi and diqian grass is rare. However, there are more abundant resources in the plants of banxia,tiannan, kudzu and mosses. The number of toads, centipedes and dragons in animal medicine is declining sharply. Conclusion： It is urgent to protect endangered species of wild herbs. For rare or endangered species, a catalogue of protected species should be established, and for varieties with abundant reserves or easy cultivation, economic development and utilization should be encouraged on the basis of protection.