住院患者自杀风险评估量表的编制及信效度检验

Development of an indicator system for evaluating mental health in inpatients

目的编制自杀风险评估量表并验证其信效度。方法采用文献研究法、焦点小组讨论法、德尔菲专家咨询法形成初稿。对武汉市某三级甲等医院的374例住院患者进行问卷调查,测定自杀风险评估量表的信效度。结果正式评估量表由18个条目组成。评估量表总Cronbach'sα系数是0.779,各维度的Cronbach'sα系数为0.605～0.743;内容效度指数是0.92,各条目的内容效度指数为0.83～1.00;各维度的相关性为0.701～0.912(P<0.05);经探索性因子分析得出3个公因子累积方差解释率为48.491%。利用ROC曲线确定住院患者自杀风险评估量表的临界值为8分,此时该曲线下面积为0.748,灵敏度和特异度分别为73.58%、67.60%。结论住院患者自杀风险评估量表信效度较好,为临床护士评估患者的自杀风险提供工具。

Objective To develop an assessment instrument for evaluating mental health in inpatients,and to test the reliability and validity of the tool. Methods The draft was formulated by combining results of literature re- view,focus group interview,Delphi method. Totally 374 inpatients in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan were selected for investigation to examine its reliability and validity. Results There were 18 items in this final instrument. The Cronbach＇s α coefficient was 0.779 for the total tool and ranged from 0.605 to 0.743 for 3 dimensions. The content validity index was 0.92,each item ranged from 0.83 to 1.00. The internal consistency was from 0.701 to 0.912（P〈 0.05）. Exploratory factor analysis was used to extract 3 factors,for which the cumulative variance contribution rate was 48.491%. The critical value（8 point） of mental health assessment tool was determined by ROC curve,the area under the curve was 0.748,the sensitivity of index system was 73.58% ,and specificity was 67.60%. Conclusion The assessment instrument has good reliabifity and validity,and provides references for clinical nurses to assess sui- cide risk in inpatients,