固定自耗电极充填法电渣熔铸过程中金属液补充速度的研究

Study on Liquid Metal Supplement Speed of Electroslag Casting with the Filling Method of Fixed Consumable Electrode

固定自耗电极充填法电渣熔铸是针对熔铸复杂铸件无公共型腔或公共型腔过小时提出的熔铸工艺新方法。采用固定自耗电极充填法熔铸铸锭,研究了熔铸过程中两类电极电流匹配关系、平均熔化速率关系,然后根据试验铸锭宏观形貌,获得了熔铸过程中最佳电极参数范围。分析表明:固定自耗电极充填法电渣熔铸稳定阶段,两类电极电流比与截面积比为正比例函数关系,比例系数为2.84;固定自耗电极充填法电渣熔铸过程中,两类电极平均熔化速率比与截面积比呈正比例函数关系,比例系数为1.44。试验初步确定,当自耗电极与固定电极的截面积比大于0.5时,可以实现完美的固定自耗电极充填法电渣熔铸过程。

The filling method of fixed consumable electrode （FMFCE） is a new method of electroslag casting （ESC）, which is proposed for making complex castings without common mold cavities or small common mold cavities. The ingots were made by the FMFCE. The current matching relationship and average melting rate relationship between two kinds of electrodes were studied through the experiments. Then, according to the macroscopic morphology of the experimental ingots, the optimum parameters of the electrodes in the casting process were obtained. The analysis results show that at the stable stage of the FMFCE, the current ratio between the two kinds of electrodes is in direct proportion to their cross-sectional area ratio, of which the proportional coefficient is 2.84. In the process of the FMFCE, the average melting rate ratio between the two kinds of electrodes is in direct proportion to their cross-sectional area ratio, of which the proportional coefficient is 1.44. The preliminary experiment results show that when the cross-sectional area ratio between the two kinds of electrodes is more than 0.5. the FMFCE orocess can be perfectly realized.