面向道路边坡监测的高分二号应用研究

Application to GF-2 Satellite for Road Landslides Monitoring

全球变暖深刻地改变了极端天气事件,遥感技术正逐渐应用于生态环境灾害事故的监测与预警之中。以湘潭九华经济开发区为主体的长沙—湘潭毗邻地区为研究区,利用2016年3月27日国产高分二号高空间分辨率遥感的融合影像,对该区域内道路边坡及其周边的生态环境进行监测。以归一化植被指数、地形坡度指数和土壤指数等参数为输入,通过综合指数法模拟生态环境综合因子,获得长潭西地区生态环境综合评价。结果表明:约占长潭西研究范围78.75%区域的生态环境表现良好,说明道路公路两侧及周边自然生态环境基本未受到破坏;而道路路面、水域(如湘江)、建筑用地(如湘潭高铁北站)以及工业区(如吉利汽车、泰富重工等)等区域的生态环境综合指数较差,在道路两侧某些边坡段仍然存在滑坡的潜在危险。因此,在雨水季节时期需要有更多时相高空间分辨率的高分二号遥感卫星及其他国产高分卫星的连续监测,以便更充分地了解道路边坡滑坡的风险并做好预警。

Global warming has profoundly changed extreme weather events,and remote sensing technology is gradually being applied to the monitoring of ecological and environmental disasters.China is one of the countries with most serious natural disasters in the world.With the development of human society and the improvement of people＇s awareness of disaster risk,geological disaster monitoring and risk management has attracted more and more attention.Taking the Adjacent Area of Changsha-Xiangtan（CXAA）,which is the main part of Xiangtan jiuhua economic development zone,as the research area,the road slope and the ecological environment in the area were monitored by using the fusion image of high spatial resolution remote sensing of GF-2 made in China on March 27,2016.Taking normalized difference vegetation index（NDVI）,terrain slope index,soil index and other parameters as inputs,the comprehensive evaluation of ecological environment in CXAA was obtained by simulating the comprehensive factors of ecological environment with the comprehensive index method.We found that the ecological environment of 78.75 % of the study area was good,which indicated that the natural ecological environment on both sides of the road and the surrounding areas was basically not damaged.The road surface,water area（such as Xiangjiang river）,construction land（such as Xiangtan high-speed railway north station）and industrial areas（such as Geely automobile,Tidfore enterprise group,etc.）and other regions of the ecological environment comprehensive index is poor,on both sides of the road in some slope sections still exist the potential risk of landslide.Therefore,we suggest that during the rainy season,there is a need for more time-phase high spatial resolution of GF-2 remote sensing satellite and other domestic GF satellite continuous monitoring,in order to more fully understand the risk of road slope landslide and provide early warning.