共生理论视阈的“技-职”关系研究

Research on the Relationship between Technical Education and Vocational Education from the View of Symbiosis Theory

在中国,隶属原劳动部门(现人力资源和社会保障部门)的技工教育与隶属教育部门的职业教育并存60余年,两者的地位及相互关系此消彼长,但技工教育逐渐面临生存挑战和发展危机。生物学共生理论表明,建立对称性互惠一体化共生关系是协调技工教育与职业教育关系的基本选择,形成多样化且稳定的共生界面、维持平等的政策地位以及营造正向激励共生环境等是优化"技—职"关系、建设中国特色现代职业教育体系的基本对策。

In China, technical education under the Human Resources and Social Security Department and vocational education under the Ministry of Education coexist for more than 60 years, but technical education gradually faces the challenge of survival and crisis of development. From the view of symbiosis theory of biology, it indicates that establishing symmetric, mutual and integrated symbiosis is the basic choice to coordinate the relationship between technical education and vocational education. The basic strategies to optimize their relationship and to build modern vocational education system with Chinese characteristics include building a diversified and stable symbiotic interface, maintaining their equal status in policies, and creating positive as well as incentive symbiosis environments.