家庭经济背景对大学生在校发展的影响——基于北京17所高校追踪调查数据的定量研究

Family Economic Background and College Students' Development in School——Quantitative Research Based on Tracking-Survey Data of 17 Universities in Beijing

家庭经济背景对贫困大学生的在校发展存在抑制和激励两方面效应。基于北京地区17所高校的三年追踪数据,通过采用计量分析和倾向匹配得分方法对家庭经济相对弱势的学生在校学习发展情况进行了讨论。研究发现,家庭经济相对弱势的学生的家庭出身和高中教育资源有显著劣势。但是,其在校学习期间的个人能力与家庭经济相对优越的学生之间的差距呈逐年缩小的趋势,整体呈现出"起点低,发展快"的特点,家庭经济背景的激励效应大于抑制效应。

Family economic background has both restraining and stimulating effects on the development of im- poverished college students in.school. Based on the three-year tracking data of 17 universities in Beijing, we have dis- cussed the study and development of the students with relatively impoverished family in school by using the method of measurement analysis and tendency matching scoring. Findings show that the students with relatively impoverished family and the education resources in senior middle school have obvious inferiority. However, the gap between their personal ability in school and the ability of the students with the relative superiority of family economy is shrinking year by year and the overall characteristics of the ＂low starting point and the fast development＂ have been indicated. The incentive effect of family economic background is greater than the inhibitory effect.