健康体检人群血清尿酸水平对血常规各指标的影响

Effect of serum uric acid level on blood routine parameters in healthy population

目的探讨健康体检人群血清尿酸水平对外周血常规各指标的影响。方法以2015年1~12月在中国人民解放军总医院健康管理研究院国际部进行健康体检且资料完整的9 167例体检人员作为研究对象,回顾总结研究对象的年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、腰臀围比(WHR)、血常规、尿常规等指标。结果 9 167例体检者中男性6 171例,女性2 996例,年龄16~87岁,平均(49.41±8.98)岁,其中男性平均年龄(49.21±8.52)岁,女性(49.81±9.84)岁;人群总的高尿酸血症患病率为20.66%(1 894/9 167);男性尿酸浓度为121~796μmol/L,平均(379.51±77.69)μmol/L,女性为84~576μmol/L,平均(270.13±57.88)μmol/L;男性高尿酸血症患病率为27.50%,明显高于女性的6.58%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男性组随年龄增加高尿酸血症患病率逐渐下降(P<0.05),女性组随年龄增加高尿酸血症患病率增加(P<0.05);男性高尿酸血症组的尿酸水平明显高于女性高尿酸组,正常尿酸组男女间比较差异也具有统计学意义(P<0.05);BMI和WHR超标、尿液pH值较低的人群中,高尿酸血症患病率均明显高于正常指标范围内人群,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);相关分析表明,血尿酸与血常规指标之间存在相关性,其中男性高尿酸组白细胞计数(r=0.064,P<0.05)、红细胞计数(r=0.063,P<0.05)、血小板计数(r=0.053,P<0.05)和血红蛋白(r=0.049,P<0.05)明显高于尿酸正常组并呈正相关,而尿酸水平与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.154,P<0.05);女性组除中性粒细胞外,高尿酸组的年龄(r=0.151,P<0.05)和白细胞计数(r=0.13,P<0.05)、红细胞计数(r=0.126,P<0.05)、红细胞比积(r=0.137,P<0.05)、血红蛋白(r=0.158,P<0.05)和血小板计数(r=0.073,P<0.05)均高于正常尿酸组并呈正相关。结论男性高尿酸血症患病率明显高于女性;BMI和WHR超标以及尿液pH值下降与高尿酸血症的发生有关;高尿酸血症引起外周血常规指标的一系列改变,血常规指标可作为观察高尿酸血症的生物学指标之一。

Objective To explore the effect of serum uric acid level on blood routine parameters in healthy population. Methods A total of 9 167 people undergoing medical examination and complete information in Health Management Institute, the General Hospital of Chinese People＇s Liberation Army were selected as research subjects from January 2015 to December 2015. The age, sex, body mass index（BMI）, waist hip ratio（WHR）, blood routine examination, and urine routine were retrospectively summarized. Results Among the 9 167 people, there were 6 171 males and 2 996 females, aged 16～87 years, with an average of（49.41±8.98） years old, of which the average age was（49.21 ± 8.52） for males and（49.81 ± 9.84） for females. The overall prevalence of hyperuricemia was 20.66%（1 894/9 167）. The concentration of uric acid in males was（121～796） μmol/L, with an average of（379.51 ±77.69） μmol/L,while that in females was（84～557） μmol/L, with an average of（270.13±57.88） μmol/L. The prevalence of hyperuricemia in males was 27.50%, which was significantly higher than 6.58% in females（P〈0.05）. The prevalence rate of hyperuricemia decreased with age in male group, and increased with age in female group（P〈0.05）. The uric acid level in the male HUA group was significantly higher than that in the female HUA group, and there was also significant difference between males and females in normal uric acid group（P〈0.05）. The prevalence of hyperuricemia in people with excess BMI and WHR and low urine pH value was significantly higher than that in people with normal index range,with statistically significant difference（P〈0.05）. Correlation analysis showed that there was correlations between serum uric acid and blood routine indexes. Among them, white blood cell count（r=0.064）, red blood cell count（r=0.063）, platelet count（r=0.053） and hemoglobin（r=0.049） in male hyperuric acid group were significantly higher than those in normal uric acid group（P〈0.05）, which were positively correlated, but there was a negative correlation between uric acid level and age（r=-0.154, P〈0.05）. In addition to neutrophils, age（r=0.151）, white blood cell count（r=0.13）, red blood cell count（r=0.126）, hematocrit（r=0.137）, hemoglobin（r=0.158） and platelet count（r=0.073） in female hyperuric acid group were significantly higher than those in normal uric acid group, which were positively correlated（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The prevalence of hyperuricemia in males is significantly higher than that in females. Excess BMI and WHR and decreased urine pH are related to the occurrence of hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia can cause a series of changes in peripheral blood routine indexes, and the blood routine indexes can be used as the biological indexes for observing hyperuricemia.