我国1型糖尿病的流行病学研究与疾病负担

The epidemic study and burden of type 1 diabetes in China

1型糖尿病是严重影响青少年儿童健康的主要疾病,也累及相当多的成年人.我国1型糖尿病疾病流行、治疗现状和卫生经济负担等数据较少,以至于在制定相关政策时缺乏必需的数据与证据.研究表明,我国1型糖尿病患者存在血糖监测频率低、胰岛素治疗不规范、血糖控制差、并发症发生率高、经济负担重等问题.新近完成的中国1型糖尿病登记注册研究显示,我国全年龄段1型糖尿病发病率为1.01(95%置信区间0.18~1.84)/10万人年,其中0~14岁,15~29岁和≥30岁的发病率分别为1.93(0.83~3.03),1.28(0.45~2.11)和0.69(0.00~1.51).在新起病患者中65.3%为成人.我国1型糖尿病发病率较前明显增加,治疗现状亟待改进,疾病负担重.呼吁社会各界积极支持帮助1型糖尿病患者,特别是青少年儿童1型糖尿病和其家庭,关心他们的疾病和相关的心理、生理和健康成长环境.

Type 1 diabetes（T1D） threatens the health of children, adolescents and adults. Little was known on the epidemiological and health economic status of T1D in China, which hindered related policy making. The patients with T1D in China faced challenges including low frequency of blood glucose monitoring, improper insulin administration, poor glycaemic control, high rates of diabetic complications and heavy economic burden. The estimated incidence of T1D per 100000 persons years for all ages in China was 1.01（95% confidence interval 0.18 to 1.84）. Incidence per 100000 persons years by age group was 1.93（0.83 to 3.03） for 0–14 years, 1.28（0.45 to 2.11） for 15–29 years, and 0.69（0.00 to 1.51） for ≥30 years. The proportion of new onset cases in participants aged ≥20 years was 65.3%. We found rapid increase of incidence of T1D in China. The current status of T1D in China was unsatisfactory and the patients were under heavy burden. We should conduct more clinical trials and appeal for support from government or other organizations and to help the patients with T1D.