营养水平快速提升对糖代谢的影响

Rapid nutritional promotion causes abnormal glucose metabolism

中国疾病预防控制中心调查显示,2013年我国成年人2型糖尿病患病率达10.9%,比20世纪80年代初提高了20倍.我国近二十年来糖尿病发病率显著上升与国民营养水平快速提升所致的追赶生长现象有关.现有研究已揭示追赶生长可引起机体产热抑制、脂肪组织功能失调、骨骼肌脂质沉积、肝脏炎症、肠-胰轴功能受损及胰岛β细胞损伤等改变,这些改变可造成内脏脂肪堆积和胰岛素抵抗,从而增加了2型糖尿病发病风险.因此,深入探究追赶生长这一现象的发生机制并寻找有效干预策略对我国2型糖尿病防治具有重要意义.

According to the survey conducted by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in China reached 10.9% in 2013, 20-fold increase over the early 1980 s. In the recent two decades, the incidence of diabetes in our country has risen up significantly, which is related to catch up growth caused by the rapid promotion of nutrition. It has been revealed that catch up growth can result in thermogenesis suppression, dysfunction of adipose tissue, lipid ectopic deposition in skeletal muscle, liver inflammation, impaired function of intestinal-pancreatic axis and islet β cell injury, leading to visceral fat accumulation and insulin resistance, thus increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is of great significance to deeply explore the mechanism of catch up growth and to find effective intervention strategies for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes in China.