南京市2011—2016年15～24岁人群艾滋病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of HIV infection among population aged 15-24 years from 2011 to 2016 in Nanjing

目的了解2011—2016年南京市15～24岁人群艾滋病病毒(HIV)的流行病学特征,为在青少年中开展宣传教育和干预措施提供依据。方法分析2011—2016年南京市报告的15～24岁HIV感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS)流行特征以及15～24岁男男性行为者(MSM)哨点监测数据。结果 2011—2016年南京市共报告15～24岁HIV/AIDS 883例,历年报告的病例数占当年病例报告总数的比例呈上升趋势(χ~2_(趋势)=10.63,P=0.001)。15～24岁HIV/AIDS病例以外地户籍、学生和大专以上文化程度为主,同性性传播占83.5%,构成比呈逐年增加趋势(χ~2=28.16,P<0.01);通过检测咨询发现的占51.4%,构成比呈逐年增加趋势(χ~2=68.20,P<0.01)。2011—2016年南京市共报告青少年学生HIV/AIDS 319例,其6年的平均增长速度(33.9%)高于同期所有15～24岁HIV/AIDS(18.9%),青少年学生病例中经同性传播所占比例(93.4%)高于校外青少年病例(77.8%),经献血筛查发现所占比例(14.1%)高于校外青少年(5.3%),差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。15～24岁MSM梅毒总阳性率为5.4%,HIV总阳性率为7.3%。结论南京市15～24岁人群中艾滋病流行形势严峻,亟需加强学生群体和MSM的艾滋病宣传教育和干预措施。

Objective To understand the HIV epidemic characteristics among population aged 15-24 years from 2011 to2016 in Nanjing. Methods Data of HIV cases aged 15-24 were collected from annual report of HIV/AIDS and MSM cases in Nanjing during 2011-2016. Results A total of 883 HIV cases aged 15-24 years were reported and the proportion of HIV cases among this age group presented an increasing trend during 2011-2016. Most of them were foreigners, students and young people with college degree. Homosexual transmission accounted for 83.5%, most of which were detected from voluntary counseling and testing（ VCT）（ 51.4%）, both showed an increasing trend. A total of 319 HIV cases were found in young students. The average annual growth rate of student cases was higher comparing with all cases aged 15-24 years. The proportion of cases infected via homosexual transmission（ 93.4%） and detection rate from blood screening（ 14.1%） was higher in student cases, compared with non-student cases（ 77.8% and 5.3%, respectively）. Syphilis-positive and HIV-positive rate among MSM population aged 15-24 years was 5.4%and 7.3%, respectively. Conclusion The epidemic of HIV/AIDS among population aged 15-24 years is serious in Nanjing. Comprehensive measures for HIV education and prevention intervention are desperately needed to be reinforced targeted students and MSM.