体育类男大学生慢性非特异性下腰痛体疗康复效果分析

Effects of sports rehabilitation to decrease low back pain of PE major students

目的探究改善大学生慢性非特异性下腰痛的运动疗法,为下腰痛患者制定实用的康复方案提供参考。方法将有非特异性下腰痛的体育类专业男大学生40名随机分成2组,实验组20名,采用体疗康复方法;对照组20名,采用按摩和传统力量训练。在干预前后,分别用问卷法调查腰部的活动障碍和疼痛严重程度,用等长肌力测试仪测躯干的侧屈力和伸屈肌力,用关节角度尺测量腰部活动度,Prokin System平衡仪测试骨盆本体感觉。结果与干预前相比,干预后对照组与实验组躯干左、右侧侧屈力均有提高(P值均<0.05)。但对照组左右侧肌力不平衡,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),实验组左右侧肌力较均衡,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,实验组伸/屈肌力更合理,比值为1.37;实验组与对照组相比,骨盆本体感觉差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05),但干预前后各指标变化的差值2组间差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);腰部前屈、后伸、右侧屈时差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);实验组主观感受疼痛程度有了改观,腰椎功能障碍问卷(RMDQ)和视觉模拟评分法(VAS)得分差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论下腰痛针对性体疗康复(躯干稳定性训练)可显著增加躯干在冠状轴、矢状轴的伸展能力和肌力,激活并发展深层肌群,增加关节活动范围,改善体育专业大学生下腰背痛。

Objective To explore the training method of decreasing low back pain of PE major students, and to provide the reference for providing a practical rehabilitation strategy for the patients of the low back pain. Methods A total of 40 male university students of PE major were randomly divided into two groups, the experimental group（ 20） was offered with sports rehabilitation,the control group（ 20） was provided with the massage and traditional strength training. Before and after the intervention, waist obstacles and pain severity were testd by questionnaire survey; the spine medial frontal flexion strength, stretch and flexor strength were assessed by Back-Check isometric strength tester; The waist activity was measured by joint angle measurement apparatus; The pelvic proprioception is tested by Prokin System balancing instrument. Results After the intervention, lateral flexion strength on the left and right side of the torso of the control group was improved（ P〈0.05）, while that of the experimental group had extremely significant difference（ P〈0.01）; Lateral flexion strength of the control group on the right and left was balanced, with significant differences（ P0. 05）, Lateral flexion strength of the experimental group on the right and left was unbalanced, but without significant difference（ P〈0.05）; After intervention, the stretch strength and flexor strength of the control group was still reasonable, the ratio of stretch/flexor muscle strength was 1.37. Compared to control group, the experimental group of no statistical significance（ P〈0.05）.Experimental group compared with control group, in forward bends the waist mobility had extremely significant difference（ P〈0.01）,in the stretch, the right side of the bow had significant difference（ P〈0.05）; Subjective feeling pain degree and the quality of daily life of experimental group had changed, the scores of RMDQ and VAS were of significant statistical difference（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion The stretching ability and strength of the trunk in coronary axial, sagittal axis are significantly improved by sports rehabilitation. The deep muscles are activated to increase the scope of joint activities to ameliorate the low back pain of PE major sutudents.