城市风景园林植物多样性及空气净化效应研究

Plant Diversity and Air Purification Effect of Urban Landscape Architecture

城市化已经成为人类社会发展的必然趋势,而建设生态园林则是城市发展的必由之路。现在上海、杭州、河南新乡3座城市设置样地,调查样地内的植物多样性、气温、空气相对湿度、风速、空气负离子浓度等指标,通过与对照裸地的各项生态因子数据对比,研究风景园林植物的多样性、群落结构等对部分空气质量评价指标的影响。结果表明:不同类型植物群落中植物多样性高低顺序为乔灌草>灌草>草。降低气温、增加空气相对湿度、降低风速、增加空气负离子浓度的能力同样是乔灌草>灌草>草。生态园林植物多样性的提高有利于更好的发挥其改善城市生态环境的作用,为生态园林建设中植物的合理配置提供了参考依据,为今后城市园林更好的发挥其生态效益提供了科学建议。

Urbanization has become the inevitable trend of the development of human society. Constructing ecological garden is the inevitable course for the development of city. The sample sites in Shanghai, Hangzhou and Xinxiang of Henan were set and investigated the plant diversity, air temperature, air relative humidity, wind speed, air negative ion concentration in every sample site. The data of ecological factor between sample site and the control area of bare land were compared. The results showed that, the order of plant diversity in different types of plant communities was arborshrub-herbaceous〉shrub-herbaceous〉herbaceous. The ability to reduce the temperature,increase the relative air relative humidity, reduce wind speed and increase the negative air ion concentration was arbor-shrub-herbaceous〉shrub-herbaceous〉herbaceous. The improvement of ecological garden plant diversity play the role of improving the ecological environment of the city. These results could provide a theoretical basis for the rational allocation of plants in the ecological landscape construction and could provide scientific suggestions for future urban parks to better play their ecological benefits.