钾元素对平菇生长发育的影响

Effect of Potassium on the Growth and Development of Pleurotus ostreatus

以平菇"新831"为试材,分别采用平板培养法和棉籽壳熟料袋栽法,研究了钾元素不同添加量(平板培养法:10、30、50、70、90、100 mmol·L^(-1);棉籽壳熟料袋栽:250、500、750、1 000、1 250、1 500、2 000、2 500mg·kg-1)对平菇生长发育的影响。结果表明:随钾元素添加量的增加,平板培养平菇菌丝长势和长速均呈现先增加后降低的趋势,钾元素添加量为10mmol·L^(-1)时,菌丝长势最好、长速最快。随钾元素添加量增加,棉籽壳熟料栽培平菇菌丝长速和生物学效率均呈现先增加后降低的趋势,钾元素添加量为1 250mg·kg-1时,平菇菌丝长势最好、长速最快;钾元素添加量为1 000mg·kg-1时,平菇栽培生物学效率最高;随钾元素添加量增加,平菇出菇时间呈现先缩短后延长的趋势,钾元素添加量为1 250mg·kg-1时,出菇时间最短为41d。综合来看,平板培养平菇菌丝和棉籽壳熟料栽培平菇钾元素最适添加量分别为10mmol·L^(-1)和1 000mg·kg-1。

Pleurotus ostreatus ＂New 831＂was chosen as the experimental material,the plate cultivation method and the sterilized cottonseed hull cultivation method were separately applied to study the effect of different potassium contents（plating cultivation method：10,30,50,70,90,100 mmol· L^-1;sterilized cottonseed hull cultivation method：250,500,750,1 000,1 250,1 500,2 000,2 500 mg·kg^-1）on the growth and the biological efficiency of P.ostreatus.The results showed that the mycelial growth vigor and growth rate of the plating cultured P.ostreatus all increased firstly and then decreased as the potassium content increased,the best growth vigor and the fastest growth rate occurred at 10 mmol·L^-1 potassium.The mycelial growth rate and the biological efficiency of the P.ostreatus in cultivated sterilized cottonseed hull all increased firstly and then decreased with the increasing content of potassium,and the fastest growth rate was obtained at 1 250 mg·kg^-1 potassium content,and the highest biological efficiency was obtained at 1 000 mg·kg^-1 potassium content.The fruiting time initially decreased and then increased with the increasing content of potassium,the shortest fruiting time（41 days）occurred at 1 250 mg· kg^-1 potassium.The comprehensive results indicated that the optimal potassium contents for the plating cultured P.ostreatus and the sterilized cottonseed hull cultivated P.ostreatus were 10 mmol· L^-1 and1 000 mg·kg^-1,respectively.