黑龙江省农民种植合作社带动农户增收效果研究

Research on the Heilongjiang Province′s Farmer Professional Cooperative Drives the Farmers′ Increase Income

为探究黑龙江省农民种植合作社带动农户增收的效果,运用DID模型对参加种植合作社农户和未参加种植合作社农户的家庭总收入、务农收入和务工收入进行了比较分析。结果表明:农户参与种植合作社后,家庭总收入、务工收入相比较未参与户明显增加,农业经营性收入明显下降;参加合作社对农户务工收入的增加有持续推动作用。农户参与合作社的行为主要依据农户获益程度,根据农户入社之后总收益与入社之前总收益的差值进行行为决策。农户年龄与家庭总收入和务工收入呈负相关,与农业经营性收入呈正相关;耕地面积、土地块均面积和家庭劳动力人数与家庭总收入和农业经营性收入呈正相关;土地租金与农业经营性收入呈负相关,与家庭总收入呈显著正相关。农民种植合作社对高收入水平农户的促进作用显著,对低收入水平农户的促进作用不显著。建议政府应该制定适合种植合作社长期发展的专项扶持体系,完善合作社运行的激励机制;政府要重视不同收入水平农户的人力资本积累,通过种植合作社等载体,为农户提供相应的职业技能培训;加强种植合作社的公共服务功能,合作社要注意社员获益的平等性,避免社员获益纠纷,影响合作社长期稳定发展。

In order to explore the effect of farmers′cooperatives in driving farmers′income of Heilongjiang Province,the DID model was used to conduct a comparative analysis of the total household income,agricultural income,and income of farmers participating in plantation cooperatives and farmers who had not participated in planting cooperatives.The results showed that after the farmers participation in planting cooperatives,the total household income and working income significantly increased compared with the non-participating households.The agricultural operating income significantly reduced.Participating cooperatives had continued to promote the rural household income.The behavior of farmers participating in cooperatives was mainly based on the degree of benefit of farmers,and the behavioral decision was made,which based on the difference between the total income of farmers after they entered the company and the total income before they entered the company.The age of rural households was negatively related to total household income and working income,and positively related to agricultural operating income.The area of arable land,the average area of land blocks,and the number of family laborers were positively correlated with total household income and agricultural operating income;land rent was negatively related to agricultural operating income,and had a significant positive correlation with the total household income.Farmers′cooperatives had a significant role in promoting high-income rural households,and had little effect on the promotion of low-income rural households.It was suggested that the government should formulate a special support system that was suitable for long-term development of cooperatives and improving the incentive mechanism for the operation of cooperatives.The government should pay attention to the accumulation of human capital of farmers at different income levels,and provide farmers with appropriate vocational skills training through planting cooperatives and other carriers,and emphasize the public service function of cooperatives.cooperatives should pay attention to the equality of the benefits of the members,which could avoid the disputes among the members and benefit the long-term stable development of the cooperatives.