以大环化合物为主体的荧光传感器的研究进展

Research Progress in Fluorescent Sensors Based on Macrocylic Hosts

超分子化学研究的核心内容之一是主客体分子识别,主体分子通过非共价键作用与客体分子结合并实现一些特定的功能。大环化合物由于拥有特殊的环状结构,可以与客体分子高效结合,配合荧光团可开发性能优异的传感分子,从而受到科研工作者的广泛关注。本文综述了近五年以来冠醚、环糊精、杯芳烃、葫芦脲以及柱芳烃等五类大环化合物作为荧光传感分子的研究进展,并简单介绍了荧光传感器的设计思路、工作原理以及应用,最后对大环荧光传感器的发展作出展望。

One of the research fields of supramolecular chemistry is molecular recognition between host and guest molecules,that f℃uses on the binding of a guest molecule to a host molecule through noncovalent interactions to realize some specific functions. Macr℃yclic compounds have received extensive attentions because of their special ring structures that can bind guest molecules efficiently and serve as sensors combined with fluorescent fluorophores.Herein the research progress in fluorescent sensors based on macr℃yclic compounds including crown ethers,cyclodextrins,calixarenes,cucurbiturils and pillararenes in recent five years are reviewed. The design strategies,mechanisms and applications of these fluorescent sensors are also briefly introduced. Finally the future trends of macr℃yclic fluorescent sensors are outlooked.