狂犬病的流行及防治

The Prevalence and Prevention of Rabies

狂犬病是一种由狂犬病病毒(Rabies virus,RV)感染引起的对人畜危害极大的传染病,一旦发病,死亡率几乎100%,高居甲乙类传染病死亡率之首。全世界每年大约有3.5~5万人死于狂犬病,我国也是受狂犬病危害最重的国家之一。狂犬病是人类迄今为止尚不能有效治疗的疾病之一,而及时接种狂犬疫苗是目前预防和控制狂犬病的有效措施。当前,狂犬病在全球特别是亚非地区的人间,家养动物和野生动物间循环,造成经济损失超过60亿美元。本文对1950年以来我国狂犬病的流行状况进行分析,让更多的人了解狂犬病的流行病学及防治的基本知识,提高自身防范意识,降低狂犬病的发病率,保护人民群众的身体健康,维护社会稳定,促进经济发展。

Rabies is a dangerous anthropozoonosis caused by rabies virus.The mortality rate of the disease is nearly 100% which is the highest in category A and B infectious diseases.Every year,about 35~50 thousand of human deaths occur from rabies around the world and China is alsooneofthe countries severelythreatenedbyrabies.So far rabies is one of the diseases that humans have not been able totreat effectivelyand timely vaccination of rabies vaccine is the current prevention and control of rabies effective measures.Currently,rabies circulates around the world,especially among people in Asia and Africa,domestic animals and wildlife,causing economic losses of more than 6 billion us dollars.In this paper,the epidemic situation of rabies in China since 1950 were analyzed,which let more people understand the basic knowledge of the epidemiology and prevention and control of rabies,to improve their awareness and reduce the incidence of rabies,to protect people＇s health,to maintain social stability,and to promote economic development.