基于案例推理的火灾事故相似度及应对措施研究

Similarity and Countermeasures of Fire Accident Based on Case-based Reasoning

为预防和快速应对火灾事故的发生,搜集近三十年来世界各地发生的343起典型火灾事故案例,在分析以往火灾事故特点的基础上,建立火灾事故案例统计指标体系,并构建完整的火灾事故案例库;结合信息熵的方法确定指标权重,构建火灾事故案例相似度计算模型,用于匹配目标事故案例的相似历史案例,匹配结果表明:检索出的第288号和第3号历史案例与目标案例基本信息相似,可以作为相似案例进行研究;从相似的历史案例中挖掘事故信息,总结出火灾事故的处置方法和预防措施,以为制定火灾事故的应对策略和防治措施提供依据。

In order to prevent the fire accidents, this paper collects nearly 343 typical fire accidents in the past thirty years. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of fire accidents,the paper establishes an characteristic index system of fire accident cases and a complete case database. Combining the information entropy,the paper determines the weights of indicators and builds the fire case similarity model, which can match current accident cases with the most similar historical cases from the case database. The matching results show that the retrieved 288th and 3rd cases are similar to the basic information of the target case, which can be chosen as the similar cases to be studied. The paper digs up accident information from similar historical accident cases and summarizes the disposal methods and preventive measures of fire accidents. The result can provide reference for the treatment strategies and prevention measures of fire accidents.