回报式就业:美国高等教育就业政策改革的新进展

Gainful Employment:New Approaches of Employment Policy in American Higher Education

让就业成为回报是美国高等教育就业政策改革的新动向。新修订的《高等教育法》,将职业界的"回报式就业"概念引入高等教育领域,这最初始于对学生贷款入学压力的担忧,也体现了联邦政府对普及化阶段高等教育质量的重新关注。实施新的"回报式就业"项目资助标准、通过问责强调高等教育机构的责任和推动就业链条综合改革,成为"回报式就业"的典型改革举措。这些改革,事实上再一次强调了高等教育就业工作的多元责任主体,也正视了就业过程中存在的弹性和不确定性,可以给中国相应政策出台提供参照。

Gainful employment is the new key concept of employment policy in American higher education. Originally, due to the concern of students＇ loan, the new version of Higher Education Act has introduced the gainful employment to higher education seeto eral Government. Multiple measures r, whi have eh indicates that the gainful employment has regained focus from Fedbeen taken to emphasize the responsibility of higher education institutes and promote comprehensive revolution in employment, such as implementing new project standards of gainful employment and accountability system. This revolution has stressed the multi-subjectivity, flexibility and uncertainty in higher education employment, which can be referred by China when making educational policies.