流动儿童情绪调节的发展轨迹——一项与城市儿童的比较研究

The Trajectories of Migrant Children's Emotion Regulation:A Comparative Study with Urban Children

通过与城市儿童比较,考察流动儿童情绪调节(认知重评与表达抑制)的发展,以及这一发展特点在流动与城市儿童群体间的异同。对南京和上海两地7所小学934名小学四年级学生进行了为期一年的追踪调查。潜变量增长模型分析结果表明:总体上,儿童认知重评的初始水平存在显著个体差异,其发展呈上升趋势;儿童表达抑制虽然在初始水平上存在显著个体差异,但其发展稳定,没有表现出显著下降趋势。相比城市儿童在一年内呈显著上升的趋势,流动儿童的认知重评发展相对稳定;但流动和城市儿童表达抑制的起始水平以及变化速率不存在显著群体差异。

The present study aimed to explore the developmental characteristics of migrant children’s emotion regulation(including cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression)from a comparative perspective with their urban counterparts who studied at same schools.By conducting a one-year three-wave longitudinal study,this study investigated 934 children in 4th grade from seven primary schools in Nanjing and Shanghai,in which,604 were migrant children and 253 were urban children.The results of this study go as follows:(1)Overall,there were significant individual differences at the initial levels of children’s cognitive reappraisal,and the average developmental trajectories of children’s cognitive reappraisal was significantly increased.There were significant individual differences at the initial levels of children’s expression suppression,but the average developmental trajectories of children’s expression suppression was relatively stable.(2)Compared with the increasing trend of urban children in a year interval,migrant children’s cognitive reappraisal was relatively stable.However,the initial and average levels of expression suppression showed no differences between migrant and urban children.