持续葡萄糖监测在妊娠期高血糖中的应用进展

Continuous glucose monitoring--a review of recent studies in gestational hyperglycemia

妊娠期高血糖是妊娠期最常见的并发症之一,其增加围生期母婴不良妊娠结局。然而,过度严格地控制患者的孕期血糖,可能会导致低血糖风险增加,从而使胎儿生长受限、死胎等风险增加。持续葡萄糖监测(continuous glucose monitoring,CGM)可以安全有效地监测妊娠期高血糖患者的血糖情况,描述不同高血糖类型以及不同孕期的血糖特征。1型糖尿病患者从孕早期开始每4周使用CGM,有助于血糖达标并减少血糖波动。妊娠期高血糖患者进行多次CGM可部分或显著改善妊娠结局(巨大儿、新生儿低血糖等)。本文就CGM在妊娠期高血糖中应用进展做一综述。

Gestational hyperglycemia, one of the most common pregnancy complications, is associated with high risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, stringent glycemic control during pregnancy may increase the risk of hypoglycemia in patients, which may lead to fetal growth restriction and stillbirth. Continuous glucose monitoring （CGM） has been found to be safe and e？ective in gestational hyperglycemia that it can identify glycemic patterns among women with di？erent types of diabetes in pregnancy and with di？erent gestational periods. Initiating CGM in type 1 diabetes mellitus every four weeks from the ？rst trimester can achieve glucose goals better and reduce glycemic fluctuations. Multiple CGM uses in gestational periods may partially or significantly improve pregnancy outcomes, including macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia. In this review, we present a brief overview on recent studies concerned CGM in gestational hyperglycemia.