人类可持续发展指数测算与演变特征——对我国31个省2005、2010、2014年的分析

The Measurement and Evolution Characters of Human'Sustainable Development Index——the Analysis of China's 31 Provinces in 2005,2010 and 2014

随着对发展问题研究的不断深入,人类发展指数(HDI)的缺陷已经凸显,研究重点逐渐转向重视人类自身的全面可持续发展。人类可持续发展指数(Human Sustainable Development Index,HSDI)在HDI的基础上,从社会、经济和环境三个维度全面评价人类自身发展的可持续水平。在核算2005—2014年全国主要省(市、自治区)HDI和HSDI指数的基础上,分析了近10年来HDI与HSDI指数的变化特征,结果发现:近10年来HDI与HSDI指数总体上呈现上升趋势,表明我国近10年来可持续发展总体势头良好,但省际间的差异仍然存在;高速发展的环境代价并未完全消除,通过比较2005、2010及2014年HDI与HSDI指数的排序变化情况,发现我国部分省份(如海南省)因较好的环境质量而获得了人类发展水平在全国排序的上升,山东、辽宁等省份则因人均碳排放较高而导致其人类发展水平在全国的排序下降。增加环境因素后排序的变动表明HSDI指数能够更加全面、真实地测度一个地区的可持续发展水平。

With the deepening of the study of development issues,the drawbacks of the Human Development Index （HDI） have been highlighted.The research focus has gradually shifted to the human’s sustainable development.Based on HDI,Human Sustainable Development Index （HSDI） comprehensively evaluates the sustainable level of human’s self-development from the social,economic and environmental aspects.Based on the calculation of HDI and HSDI indices of major provinces （ municipalities and autonomous regions） in China from 2005 to 2014,this paper analyzes the evolution characters of HDI and HSDI indices in recent 10 years.The results shows that the HDI and HSDI indices have been on the rise over the past ten years,which indicated that China’s overall sustainable development keeps a good momentum in recent 10 years,but the provincial differences still exist.The environmental cost of rapid development has not been completely eliminated.Through comparing the ranking of HDI and HSDI in 2005,2010 and 2014,this paper concludes that the ranking of some provinces （such as Hainan province） is on a rise because of a better environment.Shandong,Liaoning and some other provinces drop in ranking because of high per capita carbon emission.After adding environmental factors,the variation of ranking shows that HSDI can comprehensively and accurately measure sustainable development level.