代乳粉对不同日龄驴驹生长性能的影响

Effect of Milk Replacer Feeding on Growth Performance of Donkey Foal

旨在评价代乳粉对不同日龄驴驹生长性能的影响。分别选取2、3、4、5月龄出生日期、体重、胎次相近且健康状况良好的驴驹各10头,将相同月龄的驴驹随机分为试验组和对照组,每组5头,对照组驴驹随母驴哺乳,试验组驴驹饲喂代乳粉,试验期为30 d。试验期间观察不同月龄驴驹的健康状况,测定并比较各月龄对照组及试验组驴驹在试验第0、10、20、30天的体重及体尺指标(体高、胸围、体斜长),计算同月龄试验组和对照组驴驹的体重及各项体尺指标在试验期内不同时间段的日均变化值。结果表明,2月龄试验组驴驹的试验第10、20、30天体重均极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组,5月龄试验组驴驹的试验第20天和第30天体重分别显著(P<0.05)和极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组(P<0.05),2、3、4、5月龄试验组驴驹在试验第0~10天、第10~20天、第20~30天,以及试验期间(第0~30天)的日增重均高于相应月龄驴驹的对照组;5月龄试验组驴驹的试验第10、20、30天体高均显著(P<0.05)高于对照组,2、5月龄试验组驴驹在试验第0~10天、第10~20天、第20~30天以及试验期间(第0~30天)的体高日增长均高于相应月龄驴驹的对照组;2月龄试验组驴驹的试验第20天和第30天胸围均极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组;3月龄试验组驴驹的试验第10、20、30天胸围均极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组;5月龄试验组驴驹的试验第20天和第30天胸围均显著(P<0.05)高于对照组;2、3、4、5月龄试验组驴驹在试验期间(第0~30天)的胸围日增长均高于相应月龄驴驹的对照组;2、5月龄试验组驴驹的试验第30天体斜长显著(P<0.05)高于相应月龄驴驹的对照组,3月龄试验组驴驹的试验第10、20、30天体斜长均显著(P<0.05)高于对照组,4月龄试验组驴驹的试验第20天和第30天体斜长均显著(P<0.05)高于对照组,2、3、4、5月龄试验组驴驹在试验第10~20天、第20~30天,以及试验期间(第0~30天)的体斜长日增长均高于相应月龄驴驹的对照组。综上提示,饲喂代乳粉能够促进驴驹的生长发育,在生产实践中利用代乳粉替代驴乳饲喂驴驹具有可行性。

The present study was designed to evaluate the influence of milk replacer feeding on growth performance of donkey foal. A total of 40 healthy donkey foals aged 2 （n=10）, 3 （n=10）, 4 （n=10） and 5 （n=10） months were included in this study. The donkey foals with the same months of age had similar date of birth and body weight, and were randomly assigned to one of two groups： an experimental group （n=5） fed with milk replacer and a control group （n=5） fed with breast milk. The experimental period lasted for 30 days. The healthy situation of the donkey foals during the whole experimental period was observed and recorded. The body weight and body sizes indexes （height at withers, chest circumference and body slanting length） of the donkey foals in each experimental group and control group at the 0, 10^th, 20^th and 30^th day of experiment were determined, respectively, and the intergroup differences in the indexes of the donkey foals with the same months of age were statistically assessed. Furthermore, the differences in daily gain and average daily variation of body sizes indexes between experimental group and control group at the different experimental phases C0-10^th days, 10^th-20^th days, 20^th-30^th days, and 0-30^th days of the experiment） were compared. The results showed that for the donkey foals aged 2 months, the experimental group had extremely significantly higher body weight at the 10^th, 20^th and 30^th day of experiment compared with control group （P〈0.01 ）; for the donkey foals aged 5 months, the experimental group had significantly and extremely significantly higher body weight at the 20^th and 30^th day of experiment compared with control group （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01）, respectively; the donkey foals in the four experimental groups had higher daily gain during 0-10^th days, lO^th-20^th days, 20^th-30^th days, and 0-30^th days of the experiment compared to their counterparts in the four control groups; for the donkey foals aged 5 months, the experimental group had significantly higher height at withers at the 10^th, 20^th and 30^th day of experiment compared with control group （P〈O.05）; for the donkey foals aged 2 and 5 months, the experimental group had higher average daily variation of height at withers during 0-10^th days, 10^th-20^th days, 20^th-30^th days, and 0-30^th days of the experiment compared with control group; for the donkey foals aged 2 months, the experimental group had extremely significantly higher chest circumference at the 20^th and 30^th day of experiment compared with control group （P〈0.01）; for the donkey foals aged 3 months, the experimental group had extremely significantly higher chest circumference at the 10^th, 20^th and 30^th day of experiment compared with control group （P〈0.01 ）; for the donkey foals aged 5 months, the experimental group had significantly higher chest circumference at the 20^th and 30^th day of experiment compared with control group （P〈0.05）; the donkey foals in the four experimental groups had higher average daily variation of chest circumference during 0-30^th days of the experiment compared to their counterparts in the four control groups; for the donkey foals aged 2 and 5 months, the experimental group had significantly higher body slanting length at the 30^th day of experiment compared with control group （P〈0.05）; for the donkey foals aged 3 months, the experimental group had significantly higher body slanting length at the 10^th, 20^th and 30^th day of experiment compared with control group （P〈0.05）; for the donkey foals aged 4 months, the experimental group had significantly higher body slanting length at the 20^th and 30^th day of experiment compared with control group （P〈0.05）; the donkey foals in the four experimental groups had higher average daily variation of body slanting length during 10^th- 20^th days, 20^th- 30^th days, and 0-30^th days of the experiment compared to their counterparts in the four control groups. Taken together, we concluded that milk replacer feeding promoted the growth and development of donkey foals, and there was possibility of replacement of breast milk by milk replacer in donkey foals rearing.