贵德杏树生长的气象条件分析

Analysis on Meteorological Conditions of Apricot Growth in Guide

随着贵德农业产业结构的调整,杏树由传统庭院种植,开始产业化种植。为了掌握该地区杏树生长特性及农业气象条件,为种植户合理安排农事和提高经济效益服务,本文利用2001~2012年贵德杏树物候期观测和同期气象要素资料,应用统计方法,分析得出了贵德地区杏树生长的气象条件特征。贵德地区杏树冬无冻害,夏无高温热害;在3月初开始萌芽,4月初开花,7月上旬杏子成熟,10月下旬落叶停止生长,生长期为230d;从花芽膨大至落叶结束生长需≥0℃积温3153.2~3443.8℃,热量条件充足,降水条件不能满足杏树的生长,需要有灌溉才能满足需水条件;贵德杏树在春季易受霜冻和干旱灾害。

With the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure in Guide, apricot trees were planted in traditional courtyard and began to be planted industrially. In order to master the growth characteristics and agrometeorological conditions of apricot trees in this area, and to provide a reasonable arrangement for farmers and to improve economic benefits, this paper applies statistical methods based on the phenological observation and meteorological elements data of Guide apricot tree from 2001 to 2012. The meteorological conditions of apricot tree growth in Guide area were analyzed. In Guide area, apricot trees did not suffer from freezing in winter and high temperature in summer. They began to sprout in early March and bloom in early April, mature in early July, and stopped growing in late October. The growth period was 230 days. From the blooming of flower bud to the end of deciduous growth, the accumulated temperature of 3153.2- 3443.8 ℃ was more than 0 ℃, the heat condition was sufficient, the precipitation condition could not satisfy the growth of apricot tree, but irrigation was needed to meet the water requirement condition, and Guide apricot tree was vulnerable to frost and drought disaster in spring.