四川推广小麦品种在镉胁迫下籽粒镉积累和生长响应

Cadmium Accumulation and Growth of Different Sichuan Wheat Varieties under Cadmium Stress

【目的】为弄清楚四川地区主要推广小麦品种在不同镉污染耕地上小麦籽粒镉积累和生长情况,筛选出籽粒低镉含量的小麦品种加以推广利用。【方法】通过田间试验对收集的四川地区40个小麦品种的籽粒镉含量、生长和镉积累迁移情况进行研究。【结果】不同小麦品种的籽粒镉含量和镉迁移积累系数差异较大,存在明显基因型差异。在镉含量相对较低的土壤环境下,品种间籽粒镉含量和镉迁移积累系数变异幅度较大;土壤镉含量相对较高的土壤环境下,小麦籽粒镉含量和镉迁移积累系数分布范围相对较窄。不同小麦品种的农艺性状差异显著,不同农艺性状对镉胁迫响应不尽相同。土壤环境中的镉浓度越高,小麦籽粒中镉迁移积累系数越低。同一小麦品种籽粒镉含量和镉迁移积累系数变化趋势相同,呈显著正相关。在镉污染不同的两个浓度下籽粒镉含量都较少的品种有CD-22、CD-25、CD-35、CD-37和CD-39。【结论】四川地区主推小麦品种在镉胁迫下籽粒镉含量、迁移积累及农艺性状存在基因型差异,其受镉胁迫影响程度不同,筛选出了5份籽粒低镉含量且表现稳定的小麦品种。

[ Objective ] The article aims to evaluate the cadmium accumulation and growth of different Sichuan wheat varieties in different cadmium contaminated cultivated areas, and select out wheat varieties with low cadmium content. [ Method ] The cadmiuua content, cadmium mi- gration factor and growth of 40 wheat varieties in Sichuan province were studied by field experiments. [ Result] The significant difference of seed cadmium content, seed cadmium phyto-accumulation factor and growth among 40 Sichuan wheat cultivars were found in this study, which reflected the genetic difference among different wheat cultivms. The variation range of seed cadmium content and transfer coefficient were larger in relatively low cadmium pollution soil, while the distribution range of cadmium content and cadmium migration factor were relatively nan＇ow. The agronomic characters of different wheat cultivars were significantly different, and the response of different agronomic traits were different under cadmium stress. The cadmium content in soil was the higher, and the seed cadmium accmnulation transfer coefficient was the lower. The variation trend to cadmium content and cadmium migration factor of the same wheat cultivms has a significantly positive correlation. The five wheat cultivars with lower cadmium content were selected out under the two different cadmium pollution level soil, andtheir material number were CD-22, CD-25, CD-35, CD-37and CD-39. [ Conclusion ] The grain cadmium content, transfer factor and agronomic traits of the 40 Sichuan wheat cultivars have genetic difference, which were differently affected by cadmium stress. In addition, the five seed lower cadmium content wheat were screened out.