韶关市典型香芋产区土壤剖面特征及其养分变化研究

Characteristics of Soil Profile and Nutrient Change of Fragrant Taro Typical Region in Shaoguan

【目的】本文对韶关市典型香芋产区的土壤剖面及养分特征进行研究,以期为韶关市香芋产区种植背景、科学施肥和产量品质的提升提供依据。【方法】通过野外土壤剖面观测和室内试验,运用统计学SPSS软件和Origin软件研究香芋产区的土壤剖面特征和土壤养分含量垂直分布规律。【结果】(1)香芋产区6个土壤剖面土层厚度较深,其中表土层和心土层深度在65~101 cm,均为成熟土,土体构型包括耕作层、犁底层、氧化还原淀积层和母质层,表土层受到人为耕作的影响形成耕作层和犁底层,颜色主要为黑灰、黑棕和棕黄,心土层性质相对稳定,受成土因素综合影响,土壤呈现橙黄、红的颜色,结构体面呈现明显的铁锰胶膜;(2)6个代表剖面土壤的颗粒组成均以粉粒为主,粉粒含量基本处于40%~67%,质地以粘壤土、粉质壤土和壤土为主;土壤剖面的风化程度均不高,且随剖面深度增加风化程度降低;(3)研究区6个土壤剖面的营养元素总体呈现随着深度增加含量降低。【结论】韶关香芋产区土壤土层较深厚,风化程度不高,养分元素呈现表层集聚型分布。

[ Objective ] In order to provide scientific references for fragrant taro planting, reasonable fertilization and improvenlent of fragrant taro quality, the present paper studied soil profile and nutrient characteristics of fragrant taro. [ Method ] Through field soil profile observation and laboratory test, the soil profile characteristics and nutrient content vertical distribution of fragrant taro were studied by SPSS software and Origin software. [ Result] （i） The soil thickness of 6 soil profiles was deep. The depth of the topsoil and the heartsoil was between 65 and 101cm,were all mature soil,the configuration includes the plough layer and plough pan, the redox deposition layer and the maternal layer, the topsoil was afi）cted by artificial fainting and forms the plough layer and plough pan, colors are mainly black and brown. The heartsoil was relatively stable, influenced by soil factors, the soil presents orange and red color. The structure respectably presents the obvious iron and manganese fihn; （ii） The particle composition was mainly composed of granules. The silt content was between 40 % and 67 %. The texture was mainly clay loam, silty loam and loam;The weathering of soil profile is not high, and the degree of weathering decreases with the depth of profile. The nutrients content of the 6 soil profiles decreased as the depth increased. [ Conclusion] In the fragrant taro, the soil horizon is deep, the degree of weathering is not high and nutrient elements present the distribution of surface agglomeration.