不同蜂箱类型对中蜂蜂蜜品质的影响

Effect of Different Beehive Types on Honey Quality of Apis cerana

【目的】探明不同蜂箱类型对中华蜜蜂(中蜂)蜂蜜质量的影响,为生产应用提供依据。【方法】采用原始木桶、平箱和浅继箱3种类型蜂箱进行饲养,测定3种蜂箱饲养中蜂蜂蜜的理化性质、营养成分、有毒有害物质含量及农兽药残留量,并对其安全性进行评价。【结果】3种蜂箱饲养蜂蜜的水分、灰分、蔗糖含量、酸度、还原糖和淀粉酶活性等理化指标均符合国家标准,但浅继箱饲养蜂蜜的淀粉酶活性明显高于其余2种类型蜂箱; 3种蜂箱饲养蜂蜜的总氨基酸和蛋白质含量相互间均存在显著性差异,其中浅继箱饲养其总氨基酸和蛋白质含量均最高; 3种蜂箱饲养蜂蜜所含有毒有害物质均符合国标无公害蜂产品的标准,但浅继箱饲养的蜂蜜有毒有害物质铁的含量最低;不同蜂箱饲养的蜂蜜样品中均未检出六六六、滴滴涕和四环素族抗生素。【结论】3种蜂箱饲养中蜂均对其蜂蜜的营养成分及品质产生影响,以浅继箱饲养蜂蜜的品质最好。

[Objective] The present paper was conducted to discuss the eft）ct of dirt）rent beehive types on honey quality ofApis cerana to provide the scientific basis for production application. [ Method] The physio-chemical properties, nutritional components, toxic and harnfful substance content, and pest and veterinary medicine residual quantity in honey of Apis cerana fed in tbree beehives of original barrel, plat box and shallow box were detemlined and the safety of honey quality was evaluated. [ Result] The physio-chemical indexes of water, ash, cane sugar, reducing sugar content, acidity and amylase activity of honey ofApis cerana fed in three different beehives all accord with nation- al standard but the amylase activity of honey ofApis cerana fed in a shallow box is higher than other two beehives obviously. Tbere are signifi-cant difi^rences in total amino acid content and protein content among three different beehives hut total amino acid and protein content in honey of Apis cerana fed in a shallow box is the highest among three different beehives. The toxic and harmful substance content in honey of Apis cerana fed in three different beehives accords with national standard but the Fe content in honey ofApis cerana fed in a shallow box is the mininmm. BHC, DDT and Tet in honey of Apis cerana fed in three different beehives all are not detected. [ Conclusion ] Three different bee- hives have the effects on nutritional components and quality of Apis cerana honey but the honey quality of Apis cerana fed in a shallow box is the best.