基于中医治疗荨麻疹文献的用药规律挖掘研究

Study on Mining of Medication Rules in Literature about Treatment for Urticaria Based on TCM

目的运用数据挖掘技术分析临床应用中医治疗荨麻疹的用药规律。方法计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、万方学位论文数据库中有关中医治疗荨麻疹的相关文献,建立荨麻疹处方的数据库,采用频次分析、系统聚类分析、关联规则方法分析中医治疗荨麻疹处方的用药规律。结果收集符合要求的文献共350篇,涉及处方388个、296味中药,总使用频次为3980次。其中使用次数>30次的高频药物有防风、甘草、蝉蜕、当归等,用药种类以清热药、补虚药、解表药、利水渗湿药、平肝熄风药、活血祛瘀药为主,其累计百分比为70.7%。高频药物聚类分析可得到6个聚类组合。通过关联规则分析,一阶关联规则可得16个药对,二阶关联规则可得11个三味药团,三阶关联规则可得6个四味药团。结论风寒束表、风热犯表、血虚风燥为荨麻疹主要病机,荨麻疹处方的用药主要以辛温解表、辛热解表、养血祛风为主要辨证论治原则。

Objective To analyze clinical application of medication rules of TCM in treatment for urticaria by using data mining techniques. Methods Literature about TCM in treatment for urticaria in CNKI, VIP, CBM, and Wanfang Dissertation Database was retrieved by computers. A database of urticaria prescriptions was established. Frequency analysis, system cluster analysis, and association rule method were used to analyze the medication rules of TCM in the treatment for urticaria prescriptions. Results A total of 350 articles that meet the requirements were collected, involving 388 prescriptions and 296 kinds of Chinese materia medica. The total frequency of use was 3,980. Among them, the high-frequency medicines with more than 30 times of use were Saposhnikoviae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Cicadae Periostracum, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, etc., and the medicine types were heat-clearing medicine, tonic-enhancing medicine, exterior-effusing medicine, damp-clearing medicine, calming liver to stop endogenous wind medicine, and promoting blood circulation and reducing stasis medicine, accounting for 70.7% of all used medicines. Clustering analysis on high-frequency medicines got 6 clustering combinations. Through analysis of association rule, the first-order association rule could obtain 16 medicine pairs, the second-order association rule could obtain 11 triple medicinal groups, and the third-order association rule could obtain 6 four medicinal groups. Conclusion The cold syndrome, wind-heat syndrome, blood deficiency and wind-heat syndrome are the main pathogenesis of urticaria. The medication for urticaria prescriptions is mainly based on relieving superficies syndrome with pungent and warm natured medicine, relieving superficies syndrome with pungent and hot natured medicine and elimiating wind to tonify blood as principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment.