超声造影在急性肾损伤早期诊断及预后评估中的研究进展

Research progress of contrast - enhanced ultrasound in early diagnosis and prognosis of acute kidney injury

急性肾损伤（acute kidney injury，AKI）是临床常见的急危重症，早期诊断可以早期干预改善预后，现阶段以血清肌酐异常及尿量减少作为AKI诊断及预后评估的方法存在明显的局限性和延迟性。近年来，研究发现超声造影（GEUS）在评价血流动力学改变方面具有较高敏感性，可用于监测肾损伤时血流灌注异常，从而达到对AKI实施早期诊断的目的。本文就肾脏CEUS技术原理、CEUS在AKI早期诊断与预后评估中的研究进展作一综述。

Acute kidney injury （AKI） is a common clinical critical illness. Early diagnosis can provide early intervention and improve its prognosis. At this stage, there are obvious limitations and delays in using serum creatinine abnormality and urinary output reduction as a method for the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of AKI. In recent years, studies have found that contrast - enhanced ultrasound has a high sensitivity in evaluating hemodynamic changes and can be used to monitor abnormal blood perfusion during renal injury, so as to achieve early diagnosis of AKI. This article summarizes the principle of renal contrast - enhanced uhrasound and its role in the early diagnosis and prognosis of AKI.