西府海棠花中蛋白质提取及动态含量研究

Optimal Extraction Technology and Dynamic Content of Protein in Malus micromalus Makino Flowers

采用超声波辅助提取法,优化西府海棠花朵中蛋白质的提取工艺条件,并在最佳工艺条件下研究了西府海棠花朵中蛋白质含量的动态变化。在单因素实验基础上,采用正交实验对蛋白质的主要提取工艺参数进行优化,结果为:采用pH=10的Tris-HCl提取液、液料比为70∶1(mL/g),在30℃、400 W下超声提取120min。在该最佳提取工艺条件下,测得开花2周的花朵中蛋白质含量最高,提取率为0.023 5;开花3周的花朵中蛋白质含量最低,提取率仅为0.004 48。说明开花2周的西府海棠花的利用价值最高。该实验可作为农林院校4～5学时的分析化学实验课的综合实验。

The extraction technology of protein in Malus micromalus Makino flowers was optimized by ultrasonic assisted extraction. The dynamic changes of protein content in flowers were then studied under the optimum conditions. On the basis of single-factor experiments, the orthogonal experimental design was used to optimize and analyze variance of the main extraction parameters. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were as follows： solvent was Tris-HC1 with pH=10.0, ratio of solvent to material was 70 ： 1 （mL ： g）, extraction tem- perature was 30 ℃, ultrasonic time was 120 min, ultrasonic power was 400 W. Under above ex- traction conditions, it was found that the highest content of protein was in the flowers collected at the 14th day after blossoming, the extraction rate reached 0. 0235; the lowest at the 21th day, only 0. 00448. The results indicated that the utilization value of early blooming flowers was relatively high.