《商标法》“不良影响”条款研究——基于“叫个鸭子”商标案的思考

A Study on the “Adverse Effects” Clause of Trademark Law:Reflections on JIAOGEYAZI Case

判断"叫个鸭子"商标是否具有不良影响,首先要理解何为"不良影响",其次要明确如何判断某标志是否具有不良影响。为此,一方面,需要从法释义学的角度对"不良影响"条款的内涵进行解读,明确该条款为《商标法》第1 0条第1款第8项的兜底条款,属于最严厉的商标禁用条款。另一方面,需要探究"不良影响"条款的适用规则,在判断具有多种含义的标志是否具有不良影响时,应以其主要含义为主、其他含义为辅予以考察,以社会公众而非相关公众为条款判定主体,同时需考虑商标所使用的商品或服务类别,但无须考虑商标使用及知名度等因素。

To judge whether the ＂JIAOGEYAZI＂trademark has an adverse effect,the first step is to understand the content of＂adverse effect＂,and then to clarify the criterion to decide that a mark can bring adverse effects.On one hand,the connotation of ＂adverse effects clause＂needs to be interpreted from the perspective of Rechtsdogmatik,arriving a conclusion that the clause is the save clause of Article 1 0,Paragraph 1（8）of the Trademark Law as well as the absolute ground for trademark registration refusal.On the other hand,it is necessary to discuss the application rules of the clause.While judging whether a trademark with multiple meanings has an adverse effect,its primary meaning should be considered first followed by other meanings;the subject of judgement should be general public rather than subjects in related areas;it＇s necessary to take into account the commodity or type of service it represents;and its usage and reputation should not be considered.