二甲双胍对T2D患者肠道菌群的影响

The influence of metformin on the gut microbiome of T2D patients

2型糖尿病是一种由环境和遗传因素共同导致的以高血糖为主的慢性代谢性疾病,其主要的特点是胰岛素分泌不足和胰岛素抵抗。目前2型糖尿病发病率正在快速上升,给我们的未来带来了严峻的挑战。宿主肠道内正常的肠道菌群参与宿主的营养代谢、生长发育等重要生理功能,而研究表明肠道菌群失调与2型糖尿病密切相关。二甲双胍由于廉价、安全、有效成为了目前应用最广泛的降糖药之一,它不仅可以通过依赖及非依赖AMPK途径降糖,越来越多的研究表明它还可以通过改善T2D患者失调的肠道菌群发挥降糖作用。明确二甲双胍对肠道菌群的影响,有助于全面了解二甲双胍的作用机制。

T2D is a chronic metabolic disease which manifestates hyperglycemia resulting from both environment and heredity.The two main characteristics of the disease are shortage of insulin and insulin resistance.Currently,the rapid increase of the morbidity of T2 Dhas brought many severe challenges.The normal gut microbiome in host′s intestinal tract is involved in important physiological functions such as nutrient metabolism,growth and development.Many studies on gut microbiome have demonstrated that intestinal flora disturbance is closely related with T2D.Metformin is one of the most commonly used antidiabetic drugs due to its cheapness,validity and safety.It can reduce the concentration of blood sugar by both AMPK-dependent and AMPK-independent pathways.More and more researches turn out that metformin can exert its antidiabetic function by improving the gut environment.To clarify the influence of metformin on gut microbiome is helpful for comprehensive understanding of its mechanism of action.