某轮胎制造厂噪声作业人员高频听力损失分析

High frequency hearing loss of noise-exposed workers in a tire factory

[目的]了解某轮胎制造厂953名噪声作业人员的高频听力损失状况,并分析其影响因素。[方法]采用logistic回归分析,对2017年天津市某轮胎制造厂953名噪声作业人员的职业健康检查结果及该企业工作场所噪声检测数据进行分析。[结果]该轮胎制造厂噪声声级82.0~91.2 d B(A)。作业人员高频听力损失检出率10.49%。logistic回归结果表明,相比男性、噪声低暴露程度员工,女性、高暴露程度员工发生高频听力损失的OR估计值分别为0.304(95%CI:0.108~0.854)、2.175(95%CI:1.220~3.878),年龄、接噪工龄每增加一个等级,发生高频听力损失的OR估计值分别为1.963(95%CI:1.388~2.775)、1.549(95%CI:1.043~2.300)。[结论]该厂噪声危害较严重。噪声暴露是接触噪声作业人员高频听力损失的主要影响因素,应当引起重视;应采取综合预防措施,预防职业病的发生。

[Objective] To understand the high frequency hearing loss of 953 noise-exposed workers in a tire factory and analyze its influencing factors. [Methods] Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluated the occupational health examination data of 953 noise-exposed workers in a tire manufacturer in 2017 and the monitoring data of noise level at workplaces within this enterprise. [Results] The average noise level at workplaces in this tire manufacturer varied from 82.0 to91.2 d B（A）. The detection rate of high frequency hearing loss of noise-exposed workers in this factory was 10.49%. Logistic regression results showed that female had a lower risk for high frequency hearing loss（OR = 0.304,95% CI：0.108-0.854）,and workers with higher exposure level had a higher risk（OR = 2.175,95% CI：1.220-3.878）.The risk increased with the increment of age（OR = 1.963,95% CI：1.388-2.775）and exposure time（OR = 1.549,95% CI：1.043-2.300）. [Conclusion]The heavy exposure to noise in this tire factory caused workers＇ high frequency hearing loss. Noise exposure was main influence factor for high frequency hearing loss of workers in this factory. We should pay attention to this problem and adopt comprehensive control measures to prevent the occurence of the occupational disease.