基于期刊论文的中国地级以上城市知识专业化研究

Knowledge Specialization of Cities Above the Prefecture Level in China Based on Journal Articles

将287个地级以上城市（不包括港澳台地区）作为研究对象,以中国知网发布的168个学科领域期刊论文数量为数据来源,对中国地级以上城市知识专业化水平、影响因素及其与经济发展的关系进行了研究。研究发现：（1）中国地级以上城市的专业化水平总体偏低,多样化水平较为明显;知识专业化水平西部地区〉中部地区〉东部地区;地区相对专业化指数随城市行政等级依次升高,即直辖市四线城市〉三线城市〉二线城市〉一线城市。（2）知识专业化水平主要受科教经济因素、人才潜力和服务业因素、工业基础因素、人口规模因素四大因素影响。（3）知识专业化与经济发展关系密切,整体呈现倒U形关系;但各区域随发展阶段不同,表现出不同的形式可以分为U形、倒U形、M形和W形4种大类型。

In the era of knowledge economy, knowledge becomes the most important dynamics for development of the city, urban development depends on the richness of urban knowledge including storage of knowledge, knowledge contents and knowledge of the division of labor. Amount of literature have examined the knowledge specialization, however, few could touch the relationship between cities and knowledge specialization in China. We still could not answer the questions, such as, what does knowledge specialization of Chinese cities？ How does it distribute in Chinese cities？ What the influential factors are determined urban knowledge specialization？ What is the relationship between knowledge specialization and economic development？ In order to answer these questions, taking more than 287 above prefecture cities as the research object, using the amount of articles of CNKI including 168 field of discipline as data source, we examines the knowledge specialization level of above prefectural cities in China, influence factors determining the knowledge specialization, and its relationship with economic development. The study shows that： 1） the level of knowledge specialization of Chinese cities is generally low and the diversity level is obvious. From the area, the level of knowledge specialization in the eastern China are higher than that of central China, that central China are high than that the western China. The relative specialization index of the area shows in order from low to high, municipality directly under the central government, vice provincial cities, the provincial capital and prefecture cities.Knowledge specialization area in the cities with resource advantage, is highly concentrated in resources-based field; Small and medium-sized cities have relatively less areas of knowledge specialization and high degree of knowledge of specialization, while, large and medium-sized cities have many fields of knowledge specialization, but low knowledge specialization with obvious knowledge diversified of characteristic. From the city level, the knowledge specialization degree manifested in the order from high to low, the fifth tier cities, the fourth tier cities, the third tier cities, the second tier cities and the first tier cities. 2） Knowledge specialization is mainly influenced by 4 factors： the economy and factor of science and education, the talent potential and the service industry, the industrial base factor, and the factor of population size. 3） The relationship between knowledge specialization and economic development is closely related, and the overall relationship is inverted＂U＂.However, different regions show different forms of shaped, inverted U, M and W types; this may result by the varied economic development stages and some regional background.