论安东都护府建立后高句丽遗民的两次反叛

Discussion on the Two Rebellions of Goguryeo' Surviving Adherents after the Establishment of Andong General Administration

唐朝建立安东都护府以后,其所管高句丽遗民发生了两次反叛。从现有史料看,唐朝在设置羁縻府州过程中,措置失当,引起高句丽旧贵族阶层的不满,以及首任安东都护魏哲的突然离世,是第一次反叛发生并迅速蔓延的重要原因。从经过看,这次反叛是多地相继发生,并没有形成集中的力量,因此唐军平叛也是分头进行,且过程较易。第二次反叛则是在第一次反叛刚刚平定的情况下,贸然调走都护薛仁贵和部分镇守力量,给个别谋叛者以可乘之机。由于唐朝曾两次大规模内迁高句丽遗民,造成安东都护府统治地域空虚,给反叛者流窜和招引新罗北侵提供了便利,从而使反叛波及的范围迅速扩大,并增加了平叛的难度。

Goguryeo's surviving adherents had two rebellions after the establishment of Andong General Administration in Tang Dynasty.The existing historical documents provide two reasons for the first rebellion:the first is due to the inappropriate measures of Tang Officials in the process of establishing the administration,which led to the dissatisfaction of the Goguryeo's old aristocrats,and the second comes from the sudden death of the first Andong governor.The rebellion occurred in many places in succession but did not form a concentrated force.Therefore,the counter-insurgency of the Tang army was carried out separately and was relatively easy.The second rebellion was caused by the hastily position transfer of Xue Rengui,the then governor,soon after Tang Dynasty had just put down the first rebellion,which offered the rebels a chance.This rebellion spread rapidly and made it difficulty to overturn,because two large-scale immigration of Goguryeo's surviving adherents had almost deserted Andong area,which,as a result,made it easy for the rebels'fleeing and Silla's north-invading.