基于社会—生态弹性的旅游系统分析模型与研究框架

System Analysis Model and Research Framework Based on Tourism Social-Ecological Resilience

弹性作为可持续发展的一种替代范式逐渐进入旅游学界的视野,但仍需要在秉持其核心理念的基础上,依据旅游系统自身的特点深化相关研究。梳理了工程学、生态学和进化式弹性三种弹性理念,并从旅游弹性变量类型研究、理论框架研究、规划和测度研究三个方面对研究现状进行了总结。认为由社会经济维、生态环境维、旅游产品维共同构成的旅游社会—生态系统应成为今后研究的理论基点,提出社会—生态弹性的旅游系统分析模型;基于进化式弹性理念,旅游系统弹性的理论研究应突破线性研究模式进入复杂性研究范式;旅游系统弹性的实践研究应将弹性规划、弹性识别、弹性提升等作为研究重点。

Resilience as an alternative paradigm of sustainable development came into the vision of tourism academic field,which still needed to deepen related research in accordance with the characteristics of tourism system on the basis of its core concepts. This paper teased out three kinds of resilience idea as the engineering,ecology and evolutionary,also summarized the research status from the variable types of tourism resilience,theoretical framework,planning and measurement. The results showed that： Tourism social-ecological system which was constituted by the social-economic dimension,the ecological environment dimension,tourism product dimension should be the basis of theoretical research,and put forward the tourism system analysis model of social-ecological resilience. Based on the concept of evolutionary resilience,the theory research of tourism systematic resilience should appreciate the complexity research paradigm instead of the linear model. The practical research of tourism systematic resilience should put emphasis on resilience planning,resilience identification,and resilience enhancement etc.