真空不空

Vacuum is not empty

在物理学中,真空是一个非常古老的概念。一方面,相对论的诞生摒弃了经典物理学中的真空中充满以太的概念,另一方面,量子力学的建立,又赋予了真空非常丰富的物理内容。作者将综述在相对论量子力学、量子场论以及量子信息学的视角下,所揭示的真空的各种结构和特性。不难发现,真空的量子理论,在现代物理学诸多领域中占有非常重要、甚至是根本性的地位;而且对于真空本质的进一步深入研究,将有可能带来量子物理学新的革命性的发展。

In physics, vacuum is a very old concept. On the one hand, the birth of relativity abandoned the classical concept of the vacuum filled with ether. On the other hand, the establishment of quantum mechanics provided the vacuum a very rich physical content. We will review the various structures and properties of vacuum revealed in the perspectives of relativistic quantum mechanics, quantum field theory, and quantum information. It is very interesting and instructive to find that the quantum theory of vacuum plays a very important and even fundamental role in many fields of modern physics. The further research on the nature of vacuum will bring a new revolutionary development of quantum physics.