个性化居家护理方案在老年骨质疏松症患者中的应用

Application of Personalized Home Care in Elderly Patients with Osteoporosis

目的:探讨个性化居家护理方案在老年骨质疏松症患者中的应用方法与效果。方法:将190例行椎体后凸成形术(KP)治疗的老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCF)患者随机分为观察组与对照组各95例,对照组仅采取常规术后随访干预,观察组在此基础上实施个性化居家护理方案。比较干预前及干预1个月后,两组疾病认知水平、跌倒风险、自我效能感、自护能力、生活质量变化情况。结果:干预1个月后,两组骨质疏松知识测试(OKT)、骨质疏松症自我效能量表(OSES)、自我护理能力量表(ESCA)各项评分及总分均较干预前提升,且观察组高于同期对照组(P<0.05);两组跌倒风险评估量表(FRAQ)、中国人骨质疏松生活质量简表(COQOL)各项评分及总分均较干预前下降,且观察组低于同期对照组(P<0.05)。结论:个性化居家护理可有效提高老年OVCF患者术后生活质量,促进患者预后康复。

Objective： To explore the application and effect of individualized home care program in elderly patients with osteoporosis.Methods： A total of 160 cases of senile osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures（ OVCF） treated by kyphoplasty（ KP） were randomly divided into observation group and control group,80 cases in each group. The control group only adopted routine postoperative follow-up intervention,and the observation group implemented personalized home care program on this basis. The changes of disease cognition,fall risk,self-efficacy,self-care ability and quality of life were compared between the two groups before and after intervention for one month. Results： After 1 month of intervention,the scores of the Osteoporosis Knowledge Test（ OKT）,Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Energy Scale（ OSES）,Self-care Capacity Scale（ ESCA） and total scores were higher than those before the intervention,and the observation group was higher than the control group（ P〈0. 05）; the scores of the fall risk assessment scale（ FRAQ） and the Chinese osteoporosis quality of life profile（ COQOL） and the total scores of the two groups were lower than those before the intervention,and the observation group was lower than the control group（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： Personalized home care can effectively improve the quality of life of elderly patients with OVCF and promote their prognosis.